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Compulsory Licensing in India is an important mechanism under Indian patent law that allows a third party to use a patented invention without the consent of the patent owner, subject to statutory conditions. It represents a balance between patent protection, innovation, public interest, affordability, and access to essential inventions. Under the Patents Act, 1970, compulsory

Software Copyright in India | Source Code, Open-Source Licences, Software Ownership & Copyright Protection Software has become an essential part of modern businesses, startups and digital products. From mobile applications and websites to SaaS platforms and enterprise software, technology products are often created through a combination of source code, object code, documentation, graphics, user interfaces,

Introduction In today’s digital economy, a brand can acquire substantial recognition far beyond the physical products or services with which it initially became associated. As businesses expand across digital platforms and new commercial sectors, the risk of third parties adopting similar names can also increase. The ZEPTO v. ZEPTO FINANCE dispute before the Delhi High

ZARA vs ZORA Trademark Dispute | Deceptive Similarity | Well-Known Trademark | Section 11(2) Trade Marks Act | Anti-Dissection Principle The Delhi High Court has delivered an important judgment in the ZARA vs ZORA trademark dispute, examining the protection available to well-known trademarks, deceptive similarity and the scope of Section 11(2) of the Trade Marks

Trademark infringement and passing off are two of the most important legal remedies available to protect brands, business names, logos, products, and commercial goodwill in India. Although both actions are designed to prevent consumer confusion and protect business interests, trademark infringement and passing off are legally different causes of action. The simplest distinction is: Trademark

Trademark opposition is an important legal mechanism for protecting a brand before a trademark application is registered. But can startups and MSMEs in India realistically afford and manage the opposition process? For a large corporation, a trademark dispute may simply be another item in its legal budget. For a startup or MSME, however, a trademark

A unique product design can become an important business asset. However, not every attractive, innovative, or creative product can be protected through design registration in India. The Designs Act, 2000 provides specific requirements for determining whether a design is eligible for registration. Understanding these requirements before filing a design registration application can help businesses avoid

Introduction: A New Test for Industrial Design Protection Technology is changing the way products are designed, manufactured, shared, and copied. Two developments in particular—3D printing and artificial intelligence (AI)—are creating new challenges for industrial design law. Imagine a designer creating a sleek and ergonomic lamp on a computer. The design is converted into a digital

Introduction Intellectual property protection is essential for creators, artists, designers and businesses. However, one area that often creates confusion is the relationship between design protection and copyright protection. Can the same creation be protected under both the Designs Act, 2000 and the Copyright Act, 1957? What happens when an original artistic work is applied to